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Compare Comoros (2008) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2004)

Compare Comoros (2008) z Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2004)

 Comoros (2008)Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2004)
 ComorosCocos (Keeling) Islands
Administrative divisions 3 islands and 4 municipalities*; Grande Comore, Anjouan, Domoni*, Fomboni*, Moheli, Moroni*, Mutsamudu* none (territory of Australia)
Age structure 0-14 years: 42.6% (male 151,920/female 150,851)


15-64 years: 54.4% (male 191,096/female 196,120)


65 years and over: 3% (male 9,933/female 11,497) (2007 est.)
0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products vanilla, cloves, ylang-ylang, perfume essences, copra, coconuts, bananas, cassava (tapioca) vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts
Airports 4 (2007) 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2007)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 2,170 sq km


land: 2,170 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
Area - comparative slightly more than 12 times the size of Washington, DC about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background Comoros has endured 19 coups or attempted coups since gaining independence from France in 1975. In 1997, the islands of Anjouan and Moheli declared independence from Comoros. In 1999, military chief Col. AZALI seized power in a bloodless coup, and helped negotiate the 2000 Fomboni Accords power-sharing agreement in which the federal presidency rotates among the three islands, and each island maintains its own local government. AZALI won the 2002 Presidential election, and each island in the archipelago elected its own president. AZALI stepped down in 2006 and President SAMBI took office. Since 2006, Anjouan's President Mohamed BACAR has refused to work effectively with the Union presidency. This year BACAR effected Anjouan's de-facto secession from the Union, refusing to step down in favor of fresh Anjouanais elections when Comoros' other islands held legitimate elections in July. The African Union (AU) has stepped in to assist in resolving the political crisis, including applying sanctions and a naval blockade on Anjouan, but the situation remains at an impasse. There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island.
Birth rate 36.35 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues: $27.6 million


expenditures: $NA (2001 est.)
revenues: NA


expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA
Capital name: Moroni


geographic coordinates: 11 42 S, 43 14 E


time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
West Island
Climate tropical marine; rainy season (November to May) tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year
Coastline 340 km 26 km
Constitution 23 December 2001 Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955
Country name conventional long form: Union of the Comoros


conventional short form: Comoros


local long form: Union des Comores


local short form: Comores
conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Currency - Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate 7.95 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $232 million (2000 est.) NA
Dependency status - territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Comoros; the ambassador to Madagascar is accredited to Comoros none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Representative to the US and Ambassador to the UN Mohamed TOIHIRI


chancery: Mission to the US, 336 East 45th Street (2nd floor), New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 750-1637
none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international claims French-administered Mayotte none
Economic aid - recipient $25.23 million (2005 est.) NA
Economy - overview One of the world's poorest countries, Comoros is made up of three islands that have inadequate transportation links, a young and rapidly increasing population, and few natural resources. The low educational level of the labor force contributes to a subsistence level of economic activity, high unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and technical assistance. Agriculture, including fishing, hunting, and forestry, contributes 40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and provides most of the exports. The country is not self-sufficient in food production; rice, the main staple, accounts for the bulk of imports. The government - which is hampered by internal political disputes - is struggling to upgrade education and technical training, privatize commercial and industrial enterprises, improve health services, diversify exports, promote tourism, and reduce the high population growth rate. The political problems caused the economy to contract in 2007. Remittances from 150,000 Comorans abroad help supplement GDP. Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry.
Electricity - consumption 18.6 million kWh (2005) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) -
Electricity - production 20 million kWh (2005) NA kWh
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Le Kartala 2,360 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues soil degradation and erosion results from crop cultivation on slopes without proper terracing; deforestation fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups Antalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava Europeans, Cocos Malays
Exchange rates Comoran francs (KMF) per US dollar - NA (2007), 392.03 (2006), 395.6 (2005), 396.21 (2004), 435.9 (2003)


note: the Comoran franc is pegged to the euro at a rate of 491.9677 Comoran francs per euro
Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: President Ahmed Abdallah SAMBI (since 26 May 2006)


head of government: President Ahmed Abdallah SAMBI (since 26 May 2006)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: as defined by the 2001 constitution, the presidency rotates every four years among the elected presidents from the three main islands in the Union; election last held 14 May 2006 (next to be held by May 2010); prime minister appointed by the president; note - the post of prime minister has been vacant since May 2002


election results: Ahmed Abdallah SAMBI elected president; percent of vote - Ahmed Abdallah SAMBI 58.0%, Ibrahim HALIDI 28.3%, Mohamed DJAANFAMI 13.7%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports 0 bbl/day (2004) NA
Exports - commodities vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), cloves, copra copra
Exports - partners Netherlands 35.8%, France 18.3%, Italy 12.8%, Singapore 7.8%, Turkey 5%, US 4.6% (2006) Australia
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description four equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), white, red, and blue with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist; centered within the triangle is a white crescent with the convex side facing the hoist and four white, five-pointed stars placed vertically in a line between the points of the crescent; the horizontal bands and the four stars represent the four main islands of the archipelago - Mwali, Njazidja, Nzwani, and Mahore (Mayotte - territorial collectivity of France, but claimed by Comoros)


note: the crescent, stars, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam
the flag of Australia is used
GDP - purchasing power parity - NA
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 40%


industry: 4%


services: 56% (2001 est.)
agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - NA
GDP - real growth rate -1% (2007 est.) NA
Geographic coordinates 12 10 S, 44 15 E 12 30 S, 96 50 E
Geography - note important location at northern end of Mozambique Channel islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation
Highways - total: 15 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km (2003)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports 709.1 bbl/day (2004) NA
Imports - commodities rice and other foodstuffs, consumer goods, petroleum products, cement, transport equipment foodstuffs
Imports - partners France 24.8%, UAE 9.9%, South Africa 6.4%, Pakistan 6.3%, Kenya 5%, China 4.8%, India 4.4%, Italy 4.2% (2006) Australia
Independence 6 July 1975 (from France) none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate -2% (1999 est.) NA
Industries fishing, tourism, perfume distillation copra products and tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 70.66 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 78.86 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 62.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
total: NA


male: NA


female: NA (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3% (2005 est.) NA
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AMF, AU, COMESA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAS, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer) none
Irrigated land NA NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Cour Supremes (two members appointed by the president, two members elected by the Federal Assembly, one elected by the Council of each island, and others are former presidents of the republic) Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force 144,500 (1996 est.) NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 80%


industry and services: 20% (1996 est.)
the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 35.87%


permanent crops: 23.32%


other: 40.81% (2005)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
Languages Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (a blend of Swahili and Arabic) Malay (Cocos dialect), English
Legal system French and Islamic law in a new consolidated code based upon the laws of Australia and local laws
Legislative branch unicameral Assembly of the Union (33 seats; 15 deputies are selected by the individual islands' local assemblies and 18 by universal suffrage; to serve for five years);


elections: last held 18 and 25 April 2004 (next to be held in 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CdIA 12, CRC 6; note - 15 additional seats are filled by deputies from local island assemblies
unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held NA
Life expectancy at birth total population: 62.73 years


male: 60.37 years


female: 65.15 years (2007 est.)
total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 56.5%


male: 63.6%


female: 49.3% (2003 est.)
-
Location Southern Africa, group of islands at the northern mouth of the Mozambique Channel, about two-thirds of the way between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka
Map references Africa Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 144 ships (1000 GRT or over) 657,755 GRT/954,498 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 11, cargo 101, chemical tanker 3, container 1, livestock carrier 4, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 9, refrigerated cargo 6, roll on/roll off 6, specialized tanker 1


foreign-owned: 70 (Bangladesh 1, Bulgaria 1, Cyprus 1, Greece 8, India 2, Kenya 1, Kuwait 1, Lebanon 5, Norway 1, Pakistan 2, Philippines 1, Russia 9, Saudi Arabia 1, Syria 8, Turkey 8, Ukraine 13, UAE 5, US 2) (2007)
-
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force
Military branches National Development Army (AND): Comoran Security Force; Comoran Federal Police (2007) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.8% (2006) -
National holiday Independence Day, 6 July (1975) Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality noun: Comoran(s)


adjective: Comoran
noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
Natural hazards cyclones possible during rainy season (December to April); Le Kartala on Grand Comore is an active volcano cyclone season is October to April
Natural resources NEGL fish
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros or CRC [AZALI Assowmani]; Camp of the Autonomous Islands or CdIA (a coalition of parties organized by the islands' presidents in opposition to the Union President); Front National pour la Justice or FNJ [Ahmed RACHID] (Islamic party in opposition); Mouvement pour la Democratie et le Progress or MDP-NGDC [Abbas DJOUSSOUF]; Parti Comorien pour la Democratie et le Progress or PCDP [Ali MROUDJAE]; Rassemblement National pour le Development or RND [Omar TAMOU, Abdoulhamid AFFRAITANE] none
Political pressure groups and leaders NA none
Population 711,417 (July 2007 est.) 629 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line 60% (2002 est.) NA
Population growth rate 2.84% (2007 est.) 0.002% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors - none; lagoon anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions Sunni Muslim 98%, Roman Catholic 2% Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.007 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.974 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.864 male(s)/female


total population: 0.985 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
-
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal NA
Telephone system general assessment: sparse system of microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communication stations; fixed-line connections only about 2 per 100 persons; mobile cellular usage about 2 per 100 persons


domestic: HF radiotelephone communications and microwave radio relay


international: country code - 269; HF radiotelephone communications to Madagascar and Reunion
general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61-891; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use 16,900 (2005) 287 (1992)
Telephones - mobile cellular 16,100 (2005) note - analog cellular service available
Television broadcast stations NA NA
Terrain volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills flat, low-lying coral atolls
Total fertility rate 4.97 children born/woman (2007 est.) NA children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 20% (1996 est.) 60% (2000 est.)
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